KJV: Template:Donate

2019-04-27T09:39:17Z

Template:Donate

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:39, 27 April 2019
Line 34:		Line 34:
	* [http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=1719 Catholic Online]		* [http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=1719 Catholic Online]


			{{Donate}}

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Beatus Of Liebana}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Beatus Of Liebana}}

Nick: New page: The world map from the [[Saint-Sever Beatus measuring 37 X 57 cm. This was painted c. 1050 as an illustration to Beatus's work at the Abbey of Sai...

2016-09-10T05:57:32Z

New page: thumb|right|x300|The world map from the [[Saint-Sever Beatus measuring 37 X 57 cm. This was painted c. 1050 as an illustration to Beatus's work at the Abbey of Sai...

New page

[[Image:Beatus map.jpg|thumb|right|x300|The world map from the [[Saint-Sever Beatus]] measuring 37 X 57 cm. This was painted c. 1050 as an illustration to Beatus's work at the Abbey of Saint-Sever in Aquitaine, on the order of [[Gregori de Montaner]], Abbot from 1028 to 1072.]]
[[Image:Monstrous Cavalry.jpg|thumb|Lionheaded Fire-Breathing Horses (Rev. 9:16-19), [[Saint-Sever Beatus]].[1]]]

'''Saint Beatus of Liébana''' (c. 730 – c. 800) was a [[monk]], [[theologian]] and [[geographer]] from the former [[Duchy of Cantabria]] and [[Kingdom of Asturias]], in modern [[Cantabria]], northern [[Spain]], who worked and lived in the [[Picos de Europa]] mountains of the region of [[Liébana]]. He is best remembered today as the author of the ''[[Commentary on the Apocalypse]]''.

==Biography==
Beatus was likely born and raised in Liébana, possibly from a poor family. As confessor to [[Adosinda]], wife of [[Silo of Asturias]], and as the master of Alcuin and [[Etherius of Osma]], Beatus exercised wide influence.[2]

He is best remembered today as the author of the ''Commentary on the Apocalypse'', written in 776, then revised in 784 and again in 786. He corresponded with [[Alcuin of York|Alcuin]], and took part in the [[Adoptionist]] controversy, criticizing the views of [[Felix, Bishop of Urgel|Felix of Urgel]] and Elipandus of Toledo. Archbishop Elipandus claimed that in respect to his human nature – Christ was the "adoptive" Son of God.[2]

Beatus and Etherius, later bishop of Osma, wrote refuting this heresy. Elipandus complained to Abbot Fidelis in a scathing letter attacking Beatus as an impudent, interfering, vagrant mountaineer and insisted that Beatus amend his ways or be delivered to the archbishop for correction. Beatus responded with a book on the orthodox teachings of the Church. Alcuin praised Beatus for his writings and described him as a learned and holy man.[2]

The ''Commentary'' was popular during the [[Middle Ages]] and survives in at least 34 manuscripts (usually called a ''beatus'') from the 10th through the 16th centuries. At least 26 of those manuscripts contain illuminations. Though Beatus may have written his commentaries as a response to [[Adoptionist|Adoptionism]] in [[Hispania]] of the late 8th century, many believe that the book's popularity in monasteries stemmed from the presence in Iberia of [[Islam]]. Not all of the manuscripts are complete, and some exist only in fragmentary form. Twenty-six of these manuscripts are lavishly decorated in the [[Mozarabic art|Mozarabic]], [[Romanesque art|Romanesque]], or [[Gothic art|Gothic]] style of [[Illuminated manuscript|illumination]].

==Author and theologian==
''Main Article [[Commentary on the Apocalypse]]''

It is a work of erudition but without great originality, made up principally of compilations. Beatus includes long extracts from the texts of the Fathers of the Church and Doctors of the Church, especially [[Augustine of Hippo]] (Saint Augustine), [[Ambrose]] of Milan (Saint Ambrose), [[Tyconius]], Irenaeus of Lyon (Saint [[Irenaeus]]), and [[Isidore of Seville]] (Saint Isidore). He adds to this the commentary on the [[Book of Daniel]] by Jerome of Stridon ([[Saint Jerome]]).

The Beatus text was regarded as a symbol of Christian resistance to the Muslim Arabs who dominated much of the Iberian Peninsula in the early Middle Ages.

== Further reading ==
For more information on Beatus of Liébana or on the Beatus Apocalypse manuscripts, see the studies carried out by John Williams, Mireille Mentre, José Camón Aznar, Wilhelm Neuss and Joaquín Yarza Luaces.

*''Cancionero de Liébana'' 1977 ("Collection of verse of Liebana", 1977). Republished in 2006. Written by the Spanish poet from [[Cantabria]] [[Matilde Camus]].
* Forbes, Andrew ; Henley, David (2012). ''Apocalypse: The Illustrated Book of Revelation''. Chiang Mai: Cognoscenti Books. ASIN: B008WAK9SS

==Notes==
* 1. Beatus of Liébana (before 1072). [http://www.warfare.altervista.org/6C-11C/Beatus_Saint_Sever.htm "Monstrous Cavalry, Beatus de Saint-Sever"]. Commentary on the Apocalypse.
* 2. [http://www.christdesert.org/cgi-bin/martyrology.dynamic.5.cgi?name=beatus_of_liebana "St. Beatus of Liébana", Christ in the Desert Monastery]

==External links==
* [http://catholicsaints.info/saint-beatus/ CatholicSaints]
* [http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=1719 Catholic Online]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Beatus Of Liebana}}
[[Category:730 births]]
[[Category:800 deaths]]
[[Category:Spanish Christian theologians]]
[[Category:8th-century theologians]]
[[Category:Asturian culture]]
[[Category:Cantabrian culture]]
[[Category:Cantabrian clergy]]
[[Category:Medieval Spanish saints]]
[[Category:8th-century Christian saints]]
[[Category:Apocalypticists]]
[[Category:Book of Revelation]]
[[Category:Medieval Spanish theologians]]

Beatus of Liébana - Revision history

KJV: Template:Donate

Nick: New page: The world map from the [[Saint-Sever Beatus measuring 37 X 57 cm. This was painted c. 1050 as an illustration to Beatus's work at the Abbey of Sai...