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2025-11-11T07:40:31Z

External links

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:40, 11 November 2025
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	* [http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/ca/cava.html Specifications about the origin of the word and Bible]		* [http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/ca/cava.html Specifications about the origin of the word and Bible]
	* Samuel Berger, [http://books.google.pl/books?id=nnfe-Z80I7wC&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&dq#v=onepage&q=&f=false ''Histoire de la Vulgate pendant les premiers siècles du moyen âge'' (1976), pp. 12 ff]		* Samuel Berger, [http://books.google.pl/books?id=nnfe-Z80I7wC&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&dq#v=onepage&q=&f=false ''Histoire de la Vulgate pendant les premiers siècles du moyen âge'' (1976), pp. 12 ff]

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	[[Category:Illuminated biblical manuscripts]]		[[Category:Illuminated biblical manuscripts]]

Nick: New page: Folio 220v of the La Cava Bible The '''La Cava Bible''' or '''''Codex Cavensis''''' (Cava de' Tirreni, Biblioteca della Badia, Ms. memb. I) is ...

2014-01-11T07:17:33Z

New page: thumb|Folio 220v of the La Cava Bible The '''La Cava Bible''' or '''''Codex Cavensis''''' (Cava de' Tirreni, Biblioteca della Badia, Ms. memb. I) is ...

New page

[[Image:LaCavaBibleFolio220v.jpg|thumb|Folio 220v of the La Cava Bible]]
The '''La Cava Bible''' or '''''Codex Cavensis''''' (Cava de' Tirreni, [[Biblioteca della Badia]], Ms. memb. I) is a 9th-century [[Latin language|Latin]] [[illuminated manuscript|illuminated]] [[Bible]], which was produced in [[Spain]], probably in the [[Kingdom of Asturias]] during the reign of [[Alfonso II of Asturias|Alfonso II]]. The [[manuscript]] preserved at the abbey of [[La Trinità della Cava]], near [[Cava de' Tirreni]], contains 330 [[vellum]] folios which measure 320 by 260 mm.

==Origin==

The Bible was signed on folio 166v by a scribe named Danila. The location of the [[scriptorium]] in which Danila worked is not known. However the [[hand]], textual variations, and [[orthography]] indicate that the manuscript was produced in Spain, during the early 9th century. It is unlikely that such a luxury manuscript could have been produced in the [[Al-Andalus|Muslim-controlled areas]] of the Iberian Peninsula. This makes Asturias, which was the largest Christian kingdom of the time, the most probable source for [[codex]]. Additional evidence of an Asturian origin is provided by the decoration of the manuscript. The [[Cross]] which appears in four locations in the La Cava Bible, is the only explicitly Christian decoration in the manuscript. Although the form of the Crosses in the La Cava Bible do not appear in other surviving [[Asturian art]], the Cross was emphasized in [[Asturian art|Asturian]] devotional art. For example, both [[Alfonso III of Asturias|Alfonso II]] and [[Alfonso III of Asturias|Alfonso III]] commissioned gold crosses, like the [[Victory Cross]] and the [[Cruz de los Angeles|Cross of the Angels]]. "Cross of the Resurrection" was a prominent feature of [[mural]]s at [[San Julián de los Prados]], near Oviedo, [[Asturias]].

==Decoration==
[[Image:LaCavaBibleFolio69r.jpg|thumb|left|Folio 69r of the La Cava Bible]]
The decoration of the La Cava Bible is limited to the four crosses mentioned above, frames surrounding [[explicit (publishing)|explicit]]s and titles, and decorated initials. There are two linear, [[Compass (drafting)|compass]] drawn Crosses, one serving as [[Book frontispiece|frontispiece]] on folio 1 verso, and the other in the introduction to the [[Nevi'im|prophetical books]] on folio 143 recto. On folio 100 verso the title frame for the [[Psalms]] is in the form of a cross. The text on folio 220 verso, which contains the prefaces by [[Jerome]] used to introduce the [[New Testament]], is written in the form of a cross. This text is written in red, white and yellow [[ink]]s on a blue-stained folio. There is one other folio stained blue and three folios [[Purple parchment|stained purple]] in this manuscript. The frames surrounding the explicits and titles are similar in form to frames found in the earliest medieval illuminated books. However, Danila exploited brilliant and contrasting hues of color not found in earlier manuscripts. The decorated initials include initial types commonly associated with Merovingian illumination. However similar initials also occurred in [[Visigothic script|Visigothic manuscripts]].

It is likely that Danila copied this manuscript from an earlier, now-lost, Visigothic manuscript. The title and explicit frames are similar to those found in early manuscripts and the pages written in coloured inks are related to Late Antique manuscripts written in gold and silver on purple-dyed parchment. (For example, see [[Rossano Gospels]]). However Danila's use of colour was probably not present in the original manuscript and anticipates the use of colour in later Spanish manuscripts.

Although Danila may have been aware of [[Merovingian script|Merovingian initials]], it is also equally likely that his initials share in common the models for Merovingian initials. The manuscript gives no indication that Danila was influenced by contemporary [[Carolingian]] illumination. However, Carolingian Bibles produced under the patronage of [[Theodulph of Orleans]], who had Visigothic parentage, do have similar text and organization to that found in the La Cava Bible, something not found in other similar Carolingian manuscripts.

== Text ==
It is one of the two most important representatives of the Spanish type of Vulgate text. The text of the Gospels shows signs of being a revision, being mingled with Old Latin elements. The manuscript contains the [[Comma Johanneum]] with the earthly witnesses preceding the heavenly witnesses.<sup>[1]</sup>

== See also ==

* [[List of New Testament Latin manuscripts]]

== References ==

* 1. [http://books.google.com/books?id=gzlAAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA24 Codex Diplomaticus Cavensis, Volume 1 (1873 p. 24)]

== Further reading ==

* Williams, John, ''Early Spanish Manuscript Illumination'' (New York: 1977).

== External links ==
* [http://www.answers.com/topic/la-cava-1 Information about the name "La Cava"]
* [http://www.websters-online-dictionary.org/ca/cava.html Specifications about the origin of the word and Bible]
* Samuel Berger, [http://books.google.pl/books?id=nnfe-Z80I7wC&pg=PA12&lpg=PA12&dq#v=onepage&q=&f=false ''Histoire de la Vulgate pendant les premiers siècles du moyen âge'' (1976), pp. 12 ff]

[[Category:Illuminated biblical manuscripts]]
[[Category:Asturian culture]]
[[Category:Kingdom of Asturias]]
[[Category:Vulgate manuscripts]]
[[Category:9th-century biblical manuscripts]]
[[Category:Mozarabic art]]
[[Category:Religion in Asturias]]

La Cava Bible - Revision history

Nick: /* External links */

Nick: New page: Folio 220v of the La Cava Bible The '''La Cava Bible''' or '''''Codex Cavensis''''' (Cava de' Tirreni, Biblioteca della Badia, Ms. memb. I) is ...